Author: Akau B.Z. Introduction Undergraduate research projects are independent efforts by students in tertiary institutions supervised by academic staff. The project involves a predetermined research topic, proposal, justification, aims, milestones, software, hardware, assumptions, methodologies, and references. Standards are set for research build-up, actual research, presentation, and print submissions, preparing students for after-school rules. The work is typically divided into five chapters, with an external supervisor providing independent assessment. Hence, a typical project follows this format: Preliminary pages Introduction (chapter 1) Literature review (chapter 2) Methodology (chapter 3) Results (chapter 4) Discussion, conclusion, and recommendations (chapter 5) References Appendices Preliminary Pages · Title · Declaration · Certificati...